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Ten Economic Questions for 2025

Calculated Risk

economy will likely perform in 2025, and if there are surprises - like in 2020 with the pandemic - to adjust my thinking. There is also the potential for significant policy mistakes, but for now I'm assuming any policy changes will not significantly impact the economy in 2025. How much will the economy grow in 2025? Q4-over-Q4).

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Question #1 for 2025: How much will the economy grow in 2025? Will there be a recession in 2025?

Calculated Risk

How much will the economy grow in 2025? A year ago, I argued that "the economy will avoid recession" in 2024, and that a soft landing was the likely outcome. Here are the Ten Economic Questions for 2025 and a few predictions: Question #1 for 2025: How much will the economy grow in 2025? Or will the economy lose jobs?

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Surprise! California’s 40 Qs of Rising Minimum Wage & Fast Food Industry Growth (Beating USA)

The Big Picture

from last September [2023], when the state backed a deal for the increased wages.” The crux of EPI’s new claim is this: Since the passage of AB 1228 in September 2023, Californias privately-owned fast food restaurants5 have lost -6,166 jobs (-1.1%) through June 2024 (the latest available data). [Ed. to only 19.5%

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MBA: Mortgage Applications Increased in Weekly Survey

Calculated Risk

With the growth in for-sale inventory and signs that the economy remains strong, buyers have remained in the market even though rates have increased recently. Applications were significantly higher than a year ago by most measures, but this was compared to the week of Thanksgiving 2023, which was a week earlier than this year’s holiday.”.

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Recession Watch Metrics

Calculated Risk

economy is very resilient and was on solid footing at the beginning of the year, the administration might reverse many of the tariffs (we've seen that before), and Congress might take back complete authority for tariffs. Also, perhaps these tariffs are not enough to topple the economy. Trade should not be a weapon.

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AIA: "Billings continue to decline at architecture firms"

Calculated Risk

economy is not officially in a recession at this time, many architecture firms are reporting recession-like business conditions. The pace of the decline remains slower at firms with an institutional specialization, but billings have still declined nearly every month since mid-2023. Although the U.S.

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U.S. Demographics: Largest 5-year cohorts, and Ten most Common Ages in 2024

Calculated Risk

Note: This is using the 2023 projections main series. There will be plenty of "gray hairs" walking around in 2030, but the key for the economy is the large cohorts in the prime working age. In 2024, the top 6 cohorts were under 45 (the Boomers are fading away), and by 2030 the top 7 cohorts will be under 50.